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CONSUMER CONFIDENCE REPORT 2025 CITY OF ROCKWOOD Is my water safe? Last year, as in years past, your tap water met all U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state drinking water health standards. The Rockwood Water Department and the Great Lakes Water Authority vigilantly safeguards its water supplies and once again we are proud to report that our system has never violated a maximum level or any other water quality standard. Where does my water come from? Your source water comes from the Detroit River, situated within the Lake St. Clair, Clinton River, Detroit River, Rouge River, Ecorse River, in the U.S. and parts of the Thames River, Little River, Turkey Creek and Sydenham watersheds in Canada. The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality in partnership with the U.S. Geological Survey, the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department, and the Michigan Public Health Institute performed a source water assessment in 2004 to determine the susceptibility of potential contamination. The susceptibility rating is on a seven-tiered scale from “very low” to “very high” based primarily on geologic sensitivity, water chemistry, and contaminant sources. The susceptibility of our Detroit River source water intakes were determined to be highly susceptible to potential contamination. However, all four Detroit water treatment plants that use source water from Detroit River have historically provided satisfactory treatment of this source water to meet drinking water standards. GLWA has initiated source-water protection activities that include chemical containment, spill response, and a mercury reduction program. GLWA participates in a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit discharge program and has an emergency response management plan. In 2015, GLWA received a grant from The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality to develop a source water protection program for the Detroit River intakes. The programs includes seven elements that include the following: roles and duties of government units and water supply agencies, delineation of a source water protection area, identification of potential of source water protection area, management approaches for protection, contingency plans, siting of new sources and public participation and education. If you would like to know more about the Source Water Assessment report or a complete copy of this report please contact the water department at (734) 379-9496 Why are there contaminants in my drinking water? Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protection Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800 426-4791). The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source water: Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife. Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban storm water runoff, industrial, or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming. Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban storm water runoff, and residential uses. Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also, come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic systems. Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities. In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water, which must provide the same protection for public health. Lead Contamination in Drinking Water If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant woman and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. The City of Rockwood is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http:/www.epa.gov/safewater/lead Do I need to take special precautions? Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe Water Drinking Hotline (800 426-4791). Cryptosporidium Language The Great Lakes Water Authority monitored for Cryptosporidium in our source water (Detroit River) from our Southwest Water Treatment Plant during 2016. Cryptosporidium was detected twice in our source water samples. A follow-up water sample was collected from the treated water and Cryptosporidium was not found to be present. Cryptosporidium is a microbial pathogen found in surface water throughout the U.S. Although filtration removes Cryptosporidium, the most commonly-used filtration methods cannot guarantee 100 percent removal. Our monitoring indicates the presence of these organisms in our source water. Current test methods do not allow us to determine if the organisms are dead or if they are capable of causing disease. Ingestion of Cryptosporidium may cause cryptosporidiosis, an abdominal infection. Symptoms of infection include nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Most healthy individuals can overcome the disease within a few weeks. However, immunocompromised people, infants and small children and the elderly are at greater risk of developing life threatening illness. We encourage immune-compromised individuals to consult their doctors regarding appropriate precautions to take to avoid infection. Cryptosporidium must be ingested to cause disease, and it may be spread through means other than drinking water. If you have any questions or comments contact: Robert Boron Director of Public Services 32409 Fort Road Rockwood, MI 48173 (734) 379-9496 Estimated Number of Service connections by Service Line Material A service line includes any section of pipe from the water main to the building plumbing at the first shut-off valve inside the building, or 18 inches inside the building, whichever is shorter. Any Portion Contains Lead Contains Galvanized Previously Connect to Lead* Unknown Likely Contains Likely Does Material(s) Lead Contain Lead Unknown Contains neither Lead nor Galvanized Previously Connected to Lead Total** 0 0 0 0 66 1017 1083 2025 Southwest Regulated Detected Contaminants Table 2025 Inorganic Chemicals - Annual Monitoring at Plant Finished Tap Regulated Contaminant Test Date Unit Health Goal MCLG Allowed Level MCL Highest Level Detected Range of Detection Violation Major Sources in Drinking Water Fluoride 02-11-2025 ppm 4 4 0.50 n/a no Erosion of natural deposit; Water additive, which promotes strong teeth; Discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories. Nitrate 02-11-2025 ppm 10 10 0.35 n/a no Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits. Lead and Copper Monitoring at the Customer’s Tap in 2025 Regulated Contaminant Unit Year Sampled Health Goal MCLG Action Level AL 90th Percentile Value* Range of Individual Samples Results Number of Samples Over AL Major Sources in Drinking Water Lead ppb 2025 0 12 0 ppb 0 ppb - 1 ppb LEAD Lead services lines, corrosion of household plumbing including fittings and fixtures; erosion of natural deposits. Copper ppm 2025 1.3 1.3 0.0 ppm 0.0 ppm – 0.3 ppm COPPER Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits. * The 90th percentile value means 90 percent of the homes tested have lead and copper levels below the given 90th percentile value. If the 90th percentile value is above the AL additional requirements must be met. 2025 Disinfection Residual - Monitoring in the Distribution System Regulated Contaminant Test Date Unit Health Goal MRDLG Allowed Level MRDL Highest Level RAA Range of Quarterly Results Violation Major Sources in Drinking Water Total Chlorine Residual 2025 ppm 4 4 0.71 0.59-0.79 no Water additive used to control microbes 2025 Disinfection By-Products - Stage 2 Disinfection By-Products Monitoring in the Distribution System Regulated Contaminant Test Date Unit Health Goal MCLG Allowed Level MCL Highest Level LRAA Range of Quarterly Results Violation Major Sources in Drinking Water Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) 2025 ppb n/a 80 37 22 - 64 no By-product of drinking water chlorination Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) 2025 ppb n/a 60 13 7 - 20 no By-product of drinking water chlorination 2025 Turbidity - Monitored Every 4 Hours at the Plant Finished Water Tap Highest Single Measurement Cannot Exceed 1 NTU Lowest Monthly % of Samples Meeting Turbidity Limit of 0.3 NTU (minimum 95%) Violation Major Sources in Drinking Water 0.1 NTU 100% no Soil Runoff Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of the water. We monitor it because it is a good indicator of the effectiveness of our filtration system 2025 Special Monitoring Contaminant Test Date Unit MCLG MCL Highest Level Detected Source of Contaminant Sodium 02-11-2025 ppm n/a n/a 6.8 Erosion of natural deposits Regulated Contaminant Treatment Technique Typical Source of Contaminant Total Organic Carbon ppm The Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal ratio is calculated as the ratio between the actual TOC removal and the TOC removal requirements. The TOC is measured each quarter and because the level is low, there is no requirement for TOC removal. Erosion of natural deposits These tables are based on tests conducted by GLWA in the year 2025 or the most recent testing done within the last five calendar years. GLWA conducts tests throughout the year only tests that show the presence of a substance or require special monitoring are presented in these tables. The State allows us to monitor for certain contaminants less than once per year because the concentrations of these contaminants are not expected to vary significantly from year to year. The data is representative of the water quality, but some are more than one year old. About Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Unregulated contaminants are those for which EPA has not established drinking water standards. Monitoring helps EPA to determine where these contaminants occur and whether it needs to regulate those contaminants. Unregulated Contaminant Average Level Detected Range Year Sampled Comments [Name of Unregulated Contaminant] (unit) [Name of Unregulated Contaminant] (unit) STATE AND FEDERAL MANDATORY LANGUAGE REQUIRED INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC CONTAMINANTS CRYPTOSPORIDIUM, RADON, ARSENIC, NITRATE AND TTHM (40 CRF 141.153(E) AND 141.154 (B), (C) & (E)) REQUIRED INFORMATION ON HEALTH EFFECTS (40 CFR 141.154) ALL CCRS MUST PROMINENTLY DISPLAY THE FOLLOWING LANGUAGE: Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as person with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791). THE REPORT MUST CONTAIN THE FOLLOWING BRIEF EXPLANATION REGARDING CONTAMINANTS WHICH MAY REASONABLY BE EXPECTED TO BE FOUND IN DRINKING WATER, INCLUDING BOTTLED WATER. Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protection Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791). Note any violation and provide a clearly and readily understandable explanation of the violation including: 1. The length of the violation. 2. The potential adverse health effects (if MCL violation). The below lead educational statement meets the requirements and intent of the Michigan and Federal lead and copper rules and, effective immediately, shall be included in every CCR. Except for updating the Name of System and Contact Information, the following statement shall be included in the CCR verbatim. Lead can cause serious health effects in people of all ages, especially pregnant people, infants (both formula-fed and breastfed}, and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and parts used in service lines and in home plumbing. City of Rockwood] is responsible for providing high quality drinking water and removing lead pipes but cannot control the variety of materials used in the plumbing in your home. Because lead levels may vary over time, lead exposure is possible even when your tap sampling results do not detect lead at one point in time. You can help protect yourself and your family by identifying and removing lead materials within your home plumbing and taking steps to reduce your family's risk. Using a filter, certified by an American National Standards Institute accredited certifier to reduce lead, is effective in reducing lead exposures. Follow the instructions provided with the filter to ensure the filter is used properly. Use only cold water for drinking, cooking, and making baby formula. Boiling water does not remove lead from water. Before using tap water for drinking, cooking, or making baby formula, flush your pipes for several minutes, You can do this by running your tap, taking a shower, doing laundry, or a load of dishes. If you have a lead service line or galvanized requiring replacement service line, you may need to flush your pipes for at least 5 minutes to flush water from both your home plumbing and the lead service line. If you are concerned about lead in your water and wish to have your water tested, contact [City of Rockwood 32409 Fort Rockwood MI 48173 734-379-9496] for available resources. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available at https://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead/. MANDATORY HEALTH EFFECTS LANGUAGE IS REQUIRED IF ONE OR MORE LEAD RESULT WAS ABOVE THE ACTION LEVEL IN YOUR MOST RECENT ROUND OF SAMPLING. The below health statement meets the requirements and intent of the Michigan and Federal lead and copper rules and shall be included in the CCR verbatim when the supply had at least one lead result that exceeded the lead ACTION LEVEL, even if the 90th percentile was below the action level. “There is no safe level of lead in drinking water. Exposure to lead in drinking water can cause serious health effects in all age groups. Infants and children can have decreases in IQ and attention span. Lead exposure can lead to new learning and behavior problems or exacerbate existing learning and behavior problems. The children of persons who are exposed to lead before or during pregnancy can have increased risk of these adverse health effects. Adults can have increased risks of heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney, or nervous system problems.” Communities served in any part by Southwest water treatment plant and NOT by the Springwells water treatment plant. Required information on Great Lakes Water Authority’s (GLWA) Administrative Compliance Agreement (ACA) with Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy Drinking Water and Environment Health Division (EGLE): Great Lakes Water Authority (GLWA) is required to notify water users of any unresolved significant deficiencies identified by the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy, Drinking Water and Environment Health Division (EGLE). Below is the status of significant deficiencies in the GLWA water system identified by EGLE: Date Identified by EGLE Description Compliance Agreement Deadline Status 08-02-2022 Improper rapid mixing and coagulant feed location at the Southwest water plant 12-31-2027 Coagulant feed was completed 12/11/2024. Rapid mix is in the design phase. On track to meet the deadline. 08-02-2022 Inoperable flocculation equipment at the Southwest water plant 07-31-2031 A contractor for the design portion of the project will be awarded shortly. On track to meet the deadline. Communities served in any part by BOTH Springwells water treatment plant and the Southwest water treatment plant. Required information on Great Lakes Water Authority’s (GLWA) Administrative Compliance Agreement (ACA) with Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy Drinking Water and Environment Health Division (EGLE): Great Lakes Water Authority (GLWA) is required to notify water users of any unresolved significant deficiencies identified by the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy, Drinking Water and Environment Health Division (EGLE). Below is the status of significant deficiencies in the GLWA water system identified by EGLE: Date Identified by EGLE Description Compliance Agreement Deadline Status 08-02-2022 Improper rapid mixing and coagulant feed location at the Southwest water plant 12-31-2027 Coagulant feed was completed 12/11/2024. Rapid mix is in the design phase. On track to meet the deadline. 08-02-2022 Inoperable flocculation equipment at the Southwest water plant 07-31-2031 A contractor for the design portion of the project will be awarded shortly. On track to meet the deadline. 05-25-2022 Inoperable rapid mixing equipment at the Springwells 1930’s water plant 12-31-2023 Completed in December 2023. 05-25-2022 Inoperable flocculation equipment at the Springwells 1958 water plant 11-11-2027 Phase I construction is completed as of December 2024. Phase II is under construction. On track to meet the deadline. REQUIRED LANGUAGE SOURCE WATER PROTECTION FOR COMMUNITIES RECEIVING WATER FROM THE SOUTHWEST WATER TREATMENT PLANT. Your source water comes from the Detroit River, situated within the Lake St. Clair, Clinton River, Detroit River, Rouge River, Ecorse River, watersheds in the U.S. and parts of the Thames River, Little River, Turkey Creek, and Sydenham watersheds in Canada. The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality in partnership with the U.S. Geological Survey, the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department, and the Michigan Public Health Institute performed a source water assessment in 2004 to determine the susceptibility of GLWA’s Detroit River source water for potential contamination. The susceptibility rating is based on a seven-tiered scale and ranges from very low to very high determined primarily using geologic sensitivity, water chemistry, and potential contaminant sources. The report described GLWA’s Detroit River intakes as highly susceptible to potential contamination. GLWA’s Southwest water treatment plant that draws water from the Detroit River has historically provided satisfactory treatment and meets drinking water standards. GLWA has initiated source-water protection activities that include chemical containment, spill response, and a mercury reduction program. GLWA participates in the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit discharge program and has an emergency response management plan. GLWA has An updated Surface Water Intake Protection plan for the Fighting Island Intake. The plan has seven elements that include: roles and duties of government units and water supply agencies, delineation of a source water protection areas, identification of potential sources of contamination, management approaches for protection, contingency plans, siting of new water sources, public participation, and public education activities. If you would like to know more information about the Source Water Assessment Report, please contact GLWA at (313 926-8127). Key to the Detected Contaminants Table Symbol Abbreviation Definition/Explanation > Greater than °C Celsius A scale of temperature in which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100° under standard conditions. AL Action Level The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow. HAA5 Haloacetic Acids HAA5 is the total of bromoacetic, chloroacetic, di-bromoacetic, dichloroacetic, and trichloroacetic acids. Compliance is based on the total. Level 1 Level 1 Assessment A Level 1 assessment is a study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why total coliform bacteria have been found in our system. LRAA Locational Running Annual Average The average of analytical results for samples at a particular monitoring location during the previous four quarters. MCL Maximum Contaminant Level The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology. MCLG Maximum Contaminant Level Goal The level of contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow a margin of safety. MRDL Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level The highest level of disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. MRDLG Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLG’s do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants. n/a not applicable ND Not Detected NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units Measures the cloudiness of water. pCi/L Picocuries Per Liter A measure of radioactivity ppb Parts Per Billion (one in one billion) The ppb is equivalent to micrograms per liter. A microgram = 1/1000 milligram. ppm Parts Per Million (one in one million) The ppm is equivalent to milligrams per liter. A milligram = 1/1000 gram. RAA Running Annual Average The average of all analytical results for all samples during the previous four quarters. SMCL Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level TT Treatment Technique A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water. TTHM Total Trihalomethanes Total Trihalomethanes is the sum of chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform. Compliance is based on the total. μmhos micromhos Measure of electrical conductance of water The following mineral table is provided but is not required for the CCR. 2025 Springwells Tap Water Mineral Analysis Parameter Units Max. Min. Avg. Parameter Units Max. Min. Avg. Turbidity N.T.U. 0.16 0.02 0.08 Phosphorus mg/L 1.07 0.77 0.89 Total Solids mg/L 172 41 130 Free Corbon Dioxide mg/L 12.5 1.7 9.6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 145 75 117 Total Hardness mg/L 130 97 106 Aluminum mg/L 0.122 0.019 0.054 Total Alkalinity mg/L 76 66 71 Iron mg/L 0.3 ND 0.2 Carbonate Alkalinity mg/L 0 0 0 Copper mg/L 0.001 ND 0.000 Bi-Carbonate Alkalinity mg/L 76 66 71 Magnesium mg/L 8.6 6.9 7.6 Non-Carbonate Hardness mg/L 58 27 34 Calcium mg/L 28.5 24.3 26.4 Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 9.3 ND 2.6 Sodium mg/L 6.1 0.4 3.4 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 13.0 7.0 10.1 Potassium mg/L 1.2 0.9 1.0 Nitrite Nitrogen mg/L ND ND 0.0 Manganese mg/L ND ND 0.000 Nitrate Nitrogen mg/L 0.47 0.22 0.30 Lead mg/L ND ND 0.000 Fluoride mg/L 0.78 0.48 0.61 Zinc mg/L ND ND 0.000 pH 7.92 7.05 7.21 Silica mg/L 2.6 1.3 1.8 Specific Conductance @ 25 °C μmhos 232 135 211 Sulfate mg/L 29.5 21.7 25.7 Temperature °C 26.1 2.5 13.6 Chloride mg/L 12.1 9.5 11.0